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in the real crediblc agreements to renounce violence and endow ornaliland the state with a monopoly on the legitimate use of force? In Somaliland, commitment has been achieved bundance *income by establishing institutional arrangements that pro - vide sufficient incentives for all key groups to work ny ofits within the rules. The commitment is credible because dia has all parties stand to lose if any party reneges on those ?slums. is now arrangements. In Somalia, by contrast, despite several internationally sponsored efforts at state building, class. ed to polarized groups continue to believe they are better )ugh off retaining their own power or forming shifting nal - alliances With others than conferring the monopoly of violence on a central state. Why? In large part, the 701 - nature of the agreements and the proposed institu - at tional arrangements had failed to serve as effective commitment devices. When commitment to deals is not credible, contending sides walk away from bargaining table and violence prevails: warring fac tions may renege on peace agreements, policy ma ers may default on promises to transfer resources discontented groups or regions, disputants may to abide by court judgments, or the police may ab citizens instead of protecting them. A credible commitment to pro-growtll pol ind property rights is also essential to ensure m